![]() ![]() 2 Talcum powders have been sold over the counter in pharmacies and supermarkets for well over a century, with no monitoring by public authorities.īy 1972, France was embracing mass consumption socially, economically, politically and culturally. In his book about the global beauty industry, historian Geoffrey Jones connects the nationwide scandal sparked by the Morhange baby powder case with the emergence of consumer movements. In terms of French health disasters, the Baumol case case is not as well documented or recalled as the Morhange one, even though Baumol resulted in twice as many deaths as Morhange. ![]() The powder had been accidentally mixed with very high doses of arsenic during the manufacturing process. Baumol baby powder, singled out in Annick Le Douget’s work as “France’s first health disaster”, 1 caused the death of 80 children in 1952. In comparison to other scandals, like the case of Baumol baby powder, television coverage played a key role. This tragic event introduced a new term to the economic and political equation of the time, namely, the health risks associated with mass consumption. In some cases, the doses of hexachlorophene were six times above what adults were estimated to tolerate. Morhange baby powder was quickly identified as the cause of death after an investigation by the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM). ![]() A batch of contaminated talcum powder was sold in the north of France, resulting in the deaths of 36 children within a few months. A barrel of hexachlorophene, a powerful anti-bacterial agent, was accidentally mixed with talc at the Setico factory, in Aulnay-sous-Bois. ![]() The baby powder scandal began in 1972 as a result of a manufacturing error. The Morhange laboratory, a company specialising in perfume and toiletries, had sold baby talcum powder since the mid 1950s. Sitcoms (i.e.This article examines the impact of the television coverage of the Morhange talcum powder scandal between 19 in France. Soap operas (i.e. The Bold and the Beautiful, Days of Our Lives) TV series (i.e. Agatha Christie´s Poirot, Castle, The Closer, Minuit, le soir, Sherlock)ĭramas (i.e. Band of Brothers, Boston Public, Cold Case) Music (i.e. Top of the pops, Les victoires de la musique) Talk shows (i.e. Mots croisés, On à tout essayé, Tout le monde en parle) La Chance aux chansons, Le Plus Grand Cabaret du monde) Tour de France, Olympic Games, Coupe de la Ligue)Įntertainment (i.e. TF1 and France 2 compete for the same demographics dramas (including American imports), game shows and light entertainments form the dominant mix on both channels. TF1 was privatised in 1987, radically affecting the balance of the French television market. The focus on ratings led to strong rivalry with TF1, for instance prompting the two channels to broadcast popular shows and news programmes in the same timeslots. The breakup of ORTF had been intended to stimulate competition between the public channels but failed in this aim both TF1 and Antenne 2 came to rely on a diet of popular entertainment shows alongside cheap American imports, seeking to maximise ratings and attract advertisers. Privately owned channels such as Canal+ and La Cinq (now superseded by France 5) soon became major competitors to the state-owned channels after the state monopoly was lifted. The present channel is the direct successor of Antenne 2. Such technology later allowed the network to air programming in NICAM stereo (compatible with SECAM). La Deuxième Chaîne became the first color television channel in France ? TF1 would not commence color broadcasting on 625-lines until several years later. The switch to color occurred at 14:15 CET on 1 October 1967, using the SECAM system. Originally, the network was broadcast on 625-line transmitters only in preparation for the discontinuation of 819-line black & white transmissions and the introduction of color. Within a year, ORTF was rebranded as La Deuxième Chaîne (The Second Channel). Originally under the ownership of the RTF, the channel went on the air for the first time on 21 December 1963 as RTF Télévision 2. France Televisions also participates in ARTE, EuroNews, several cable satellite thematic channels, and Mediametrie. It is part of the state-owned France Televisions group, along with France 3, France 4, France 5 and France 0. Is a French public national television channel. ![]()
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